{"id":4531,"date":"2025-06-09T08:42:56","date_gmt":"2025-06-09T08:42:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oxtlvcwf.elementor.cloud\/?page_id=4531"},"modified":"2026-07-13T12:46:58","modified_gmt":"2026-07-13T12:46:58","slug":"fourth-state","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/oxtlvcwf.elementor.cloud\/fr\/fourth-state\/","title":{"rendered":"THE FOURTH STATE OF WATER"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"4531\" class=\"elementor elementor-4531\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ef28afb e-grid e-con-full e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ef28afb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a75498d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a75498d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4e7d31 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c4e7d31\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-048076c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"048076c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"64\" height=\"2\" src=\"https:\/\/oxtlvcwf.elementor.cloud\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/line-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-187\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8ce3ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a8ce3ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hydrothermal, SUBCRITICAL and SUPERCRITICAL WATER<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e33faa9 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor--h-position-center elementor--v-position-middle elementor-widget elementor-widget-slides\" data-id=\"e33faa9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;transition&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;transition_speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"slides.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-slides-wrapper elementor-main-swiper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Les diapositives\" dir=\"ltr\" data-animation=\"fadeInUp\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper elementor-slides\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-301f06e swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg elementor-ken-burns elementor-ken-burns--in\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"thermodynamique-11 (1) (1) (1)\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" ><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4504a4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c4504a4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f21a8b3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f21a8b3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d17de6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8d17de6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"64\" height=\"2\" src=\"https:\/\/oxtlvcwf.elementor.cloud\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/line-2.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-187\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d11a06 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7d11a06\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>It is well known that water has three states in common conditions: solid, liquid and gaseous. But, in specific conditions of temperature &amp; pressure, there is the opportunity to reach a fourth one : <strong>the supercritical<\/strong>. Under this conditions, water is a liquid, has a density 10 times lower than usual and its properties are comparable to those of gas. Supercritical water bacomes a unique solvent with exceptional physics and chemical properties, facilitating reactions that would otherwise be difficult or even impossible to achieve under conventional conditions.<\/p><p><strong>A powerful tool for clean material synthesis and recovery<\/strong><\/p><p>This type of process enables:<\/p><ul><li>the <strong>synthesis of innovative<\/strong> materials (nanopowders, ceramics, oxides, etc.) with excellent control of morphology and purity,<\/li><li>faster and more efficient reactions thanks to improved reactant solubility,<\/li><li><strong>the reduction or<\/strong> even <strong>elimination of harmful organic solvents<\/strong>, thereby limiting the environmental impact of the processes.<\/li><\/ul><p><strong>Concrete applications for the environment<\/strong><\/p><p>Subcritical and supercritical water based processes play a key role in several areas related to the ecological transition:<\/p><ul><li><strong>Ricovery of Metal &amp; Organic industrial wastes<\/strong><\/li><li>Treatment and <strong>decontamination<\/strong> of complex residues (<strong>PFAs<\/strong>),<\/li><li>Synthesis of materials for energy storage, catalysts and CO\u2082 capture.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hydrothermal, SUBCRITICAL and SUPERCRITICAL WATER It is well known that water has three states in common conditions: solid, liquid and gaseous. But, in specific conditions of temperature &amp; pressure, there is the opportunity to reach a fourth one : the supercritical. Under this conditions, water is a liquid, has a density 10 times lower than [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4531","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Supercritical Fluids - The Fourth State | Top Industrie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Supercritical CO2 and H2O equipment for extraction, fractionation and reaction studies. 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